Francine R. Frankel is Professor Emeritus of Political Science and Founding Director of the Center for the Advanced Study of India (CASI) at the University of Pennsylvania. She is a Founding Member of the University of Pennsylvania Institute for the Advanced Study of India (UPIASI), New Delhi, the counterpart institution of CASI. She is the author, or co-editor of eight books, including India's Political Economy, 1947-1977, and India's Political Economy, 1947-2004, second edition.